She has a son who / that is a doctor. 100 Defining and Non Defining Relative Clauses Examples Relative Clauses Relative Clauses are a structure used in English to combine two sentences with a connection between them. I have a new car. As the name suggests, defining relative clauses give essential information to define or identify the person or thing we are talking about. Take for example the sentence: Dogs that like cats are very unusual. A defining relative clause tells which noun we are talking about: A non-defining relative clause gives us extra information about something. As you see in the previous example, "Frau" is a feminine noun so the relative pronoun that follows it has to be feminine as well (die). Children to add a relative clause after the underlined noun using words which, where, who, whose. There is a more detailed page about preposition → The bar in Barcelona where I met my wife is still there. A relative clause can be used to give additional information about a noun (naming word). The bike (which / that) I loved was stolen. The summer was long and hot. In this example, the relative clause is 'who was at the park' which is introduced by the relative pronoun 'who'. Relative clauses are non-essential parts of a sentence. → The job (which / that) she applied for is well paid. Very few people. which/that my mom gave me for my 16 th birthday Get more Perfect English Grammar with our courses. → There is a good film on the television tonight which you might like to watch. There are two broad types of relative clauses in English. Relative clauses in English usually employ gapping. A relative clause is also known as an adjective clause. I'm looking for a secretary who / that can use a computer well. Subject Relative Pronouns. 2.1. There are two types of relative clauses: defining and non-defining. John comes from the city. Defining Relative Clauses. A relative clause is a clause that usually modifies a noun or noun phrase and is introduced by a relative pronoun ( which, that, who, whom, whose ), a relative adverb ( where, when, why ), or a zero relative. There are two types of relative clauses: restrictive and nonrestrictive. The woman is coming tonight. Updated: Sep 25, 2014. docx, 22 KB. Its roof is very old. The house which / that belongs to Julie is in London. It comes after the noun defined by a basic sentence. → She lives in New York, which she likes. The photographer called to the Queen, who looked annoyed. While both pronouns can be used in other constructions, the confusion usually arises when they are being used as relative pronouns to introduce adjective (or relative) clauses. John met a woman (who / that) I had been to school with. 3. This example illustrates the three basic parts of a relative clause construction: the head noun (woman), the modifying clause (I love), and the relativizer (that) which links the modifying clause to the head. Types of relative clauses. WHO ”Who” is a kind of relative clause we use when the subject or object we want to describe is a human being. * There is a relative pronoun whom, which can be used as the object of the relative clause. I study in the city. This example uses the relative pronoun 'that' and the relative clause is 'that is really fast'. Examples: For example, if two relative clauses are joined by a coordinating conjunction (and, or, or but), then the second one doesn't immediately follow the noun phrase that it modifies: Anaphoric Elements in Relative Clauses"Relative clauses are so called because they are related by their form to an antecedent. The second point of interest is the type of word that can introduce a relative clause, in these instances, which, who and that – in this context these words are known as relative pronouns. First, let's consider when the relative pronoun is the subject of a defining relative clause. I graduated from university in the summer. Pearson, 2001. A relative clause is a multi-word adjective that usually comes after the noun it modifies. Although it may seem a little scary and difficult for people who learn English, it is actually easy and fun. The relative pronoun in each example is italicized. Categories & Ages. The little girl's / her doll was lost. However, a relative clause doesn't always immediately follow the noun phrase that it modifies. When is a time-relative pronoun¹ that joins a modifying clause. 1. We usually use a relative pronoun (e.g. Free. For example (clause after the object of the sentence): More examples (clause after the subject of the sentence): Try an exercise where the relative pronoun is the subject here. Demtri Martin, This Is a Book. This is a clause that generally modifies a noun or a noun phrase and is often introduced by a relative pronoun (which, that, who, whom, whose).A relative clause connects ideas by using pronouns that relate to something previously mentioned and allows the writer to combine two independent clauses into one sentence. The defining relative clause gives us that Read more. → The little girl whose doll was lost is sad. Combine the two sentences using the second one as a relative clause. In the overt case the relative clause is marked by the presence of one of the relative words who, whom, whose, which, etc., as or within the initial constituent: clauses of this type we call wh relatives. The family (that is) living in the next house comes from Slovenia. Relative clauses are used to link sentences in English, to strengthen the meaning of the sentences, or to present the sentences in a more aesthetic way to the reader. Info. My mother’s house, which I grew up in, was demolished the other day. To avoid writing a fragment, you must connect each relative clause to a main clause. (See a list of all the exercises about relative clauses here.). Preview and details Files included (1) docx, 22 KB. Relative clauses can be used to join two sentences together, or to identify people and things and give more information about them. Need more practice? In this sentence we understand that there are many dogs in the world, but we are only talking about the ones that like cats. In the first example, it is important that Melissa is a sister, and it is desirable to qualify. Relative clauses add information to sentences by using a relative pronoun such as who, that or which. She applied for the job. The … which/that my mom gave me for my 16 th birthday However, gapless relative clauses do occur in non-standard English. It is also called adjective clause because it defines a noun. The following sentences contain examples of relative pronouns. A relative clause starts with a relative pronoun, has a subject and a verb, and tells us something about a noun (or a pronoun). Greater Depth Construct a sentence including an embedded relative clause using any relative pronoun. It is very fast. It is also called adjective clause because it defines a noun. → I visited the city (that / which) John comes from. The personwas nice to me. Also known as an adjective clause, an adjectival clause, and a relative construction. "My dad bought a new car that is really fast." It provides more information about the man. 4. Created: Sep 26, 2012. Last week I bought a new computer, which I don't like now. Relative clauses provide details about the action specified in the preceding clause. Examples: #1 This is the necklace which/that my mom gave me for my 16 th birthday. Commas or parentheses are always used to separate non-defining relative clauses from the rest of the sentence. Relative pronouns and relative clauses - worksheets pdf exercises. → The dog whose owner lives next door is over there. "More than 840,000 Vietnamese asylum seekers left the Communist regime and arrived in the countries of Southeast Asia and Hong Kong. In non-wh relatives the anaphoric element is covert, a gap; this class is then subdivided into that relatives and bare relatives depending on the presence or absence of that.". We can remove the relative pronoun if it is the object, not subject of the relative clause. More examples (clause after the subject of the … She needs to find someone who can rescue her from her mattress!. Sentence Relative Clauses"Sentence relative clauses refer back to the whole clause or sentence, not just to one noun. I sent a letter which / that arrived three weeks later. USING WHOSE. I like the person whowas nice t… I live in a city. We can't drop the relative pronoun. A relative clause is a clause that usually modifies a noun or noun phrase and is introduced by a relative pronoun (which, that, who, whom, whose), a relative adverb (where, when, why), or a zero relative. 8. Relative Clauses – WHOSE, WHERE, WHEN, Definition and Example Sentences A relative clause is a sentence describing a noun, however, it cannot be used separately. My mother, who is 86, lives in Paris. We usually use a relative pronoun (e.g. 2. Loading... Save for later. English learners often find this confusing but we’ll look at relative clause and relative pronoun definition and examples here and break it down so it’s easy to understand. Commas represent a pause. The first thing to notice from these examples is that the relative clause can come both at the end and in the middle of the sentence. She loves the chocolate (which / that) I bought. It comes after the noun defined by a basic sentence. ): I bought a new car. Report a problem. In non-defining relative clauses, you cannot replace other pronouns with that. A relative clause does not express a complete thought, so it cannot stand alone as a sentence. Read more. Examples: #1 This is the necklace which/that my mom gave me for my 16 th birthday. 7. How to use Relative Clauses in English, Examples. It is sometimes called an “adjective clause” because it functions like an adjective—it gives more information about a noun. Non-defining relative clauses. She has a son who is in the army. You also need to follow different tips for using each relative clause properly. Marie Curie is the woman that discovered radium. Clare, who I work with, is doing the London marathon this year Alice, who works in London , will be starting a teaching course in the autumn Clare, who I work with, is doing the London marathon this year Alice, who works in London , will be starting a teaching course in the autumn What’s the clause? Subject Explanations: Relative/Adjective Clauses Relative Pronouns Similar Exercises: Relative Pronouns Exercises 1 / 2 Relative Clauses Exercise. In this example, the relative pronoun is “which“. Commas are not used to separate defining relative clauses from the rest of the sentence. These ares some examples of Sentences with Non-Defining Relative Clauses. 1. We link the relative clause to the noun with a relative pronoun. Commas and Relative Clauses. We use commas (,) to separate non-defining relative clauses from the rest of the sentence. (Remember that a clause is simply a group of words containing a subject and a verb. They always go at the end of the clause or sentence. Many times in informal English we remove the relative pronoun in a defining relative clause. Next, let's talk about when the relative pronoun is the object of the clause. → The bar in Barcelona that / which I met my wife in is still there. Commas or parentheses are used to separate non-defining relative clauses from the rest of the sentence. → The country (which / that) he went to is very hot. The woman who lives next door works in a bank. For example: I won’t stand by the man who smells of slime. The dog is over there. We went to the village (which / that) Lucy recommended. Created: Sep 19, 2012. We can remove the relative pronoun if it is the object, not subject of the relative clause. Relative clauses are used to say which person or thing we are talking about, or give extra information. The woman (who / that) my brother loves is from Mexico. . 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