Known speciality lawn products. The RCC values of A. compressus in both densities, when grown in equal proportions, were more than RCCs of A. gangetica on them (Table 3). Shi Wan Tiffany Tow, Zhi Xian Eng, Seok Peng Wong, Liya Ge, Swee Ngin Tan, Jean Wan Hong Yong, Axonopus compressus (Sw.) Beauv. The RY of A. compressus (Figure 2(a)) increased in a quadratic manner as the proportion of it in mixtures with A. gangetica increased, resulting in a convex curve at 72 plants m−2. ... (Axonopus compressus) and narrowleaf carpetgrass (A. affinis). The relative crowding coefficient (RCC) value demonstrates the aggressiveness of one species towards another. When both curves are convex and concave, mutually stimulatory and antagonistic relations are indicated, respectively [24]. A. gangetica responded to A. compressus to form a concave curve at 288 plants m−2 density (Figure 2(d)) that resulted in an EYR of about 0.68. However, as fewer A. compressus plants were in the mixture (C25W75), neighbouring plants apparently did not compete with each other, resulting in no intraspecific competition. Plant height of A. gangetica was unaffected at 72 plants m−2 but decreased with increasing proportion of A. compressus in mixtures at 288 plants m−2. Shoot dry weight, plant height, and leaf area of, Relative crowding coefficient in interaction between, Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDABG454.pdf, Means within column for each density followed by the same letter are not significantly different at, A. C. Soh, T. Y. Wong, C. C. Hor, P. S. Tan, and P. S. Chew, “Oil palm,” in. These findings suggest that A. compressus responded plastically to competition, whereas A. gangetica did not. It has been reported to bear relevance in the Americas, as well as several tropical and subtropical regions of the world 19,20. Equivalent yield ratios (EYR) or the proportion at which both species growing in the mixture produce the same yield was calculated for each mixture [25]. I have discovered that not much in the way of information has been helpful to control this broadleaved carpet grass variety. Replacement series curves of interaction of A. gangetica with A. compressus in the shade have been illustrated in Figures 2(c) and 2(d). The flowering clumps of the species spike up to 24″ – 28″ inches. Due to its ability to withstand high temperatures and droughts, many homeowners choose St. Augustine grass for their yard. Axonopus compressus is known to produce allelochemicals that affect the growth of other plants [39]. New shoots developing from older nodes can be up to 50 cm tall. The RYT value at 72 plants m−2 was greater than 1.0 (Figure 2(c)). Greater leaf area expansion rates would favour A. compressus plants in competition for light. A low maintenance and popular kind of lawn grass that is characterized by its broad leaves and carpet-like appearance, growing foliage between 5 – 13 cm in height. There are some reports that demonstrate A. compressus had competitive ability. Leaf sheath loose, compressed, keeled; leaf blade broadly oblong, blunt, measuring 5 - 15 x 0.4 - 1 cm, hairy. We are committed to sharing findings related to COVID-19 as quickly as possible. Axonopus compressus is one of the native soft grass species in oil palm in Malaysia which can be used as a cover crop. Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P.Beauv. Browse pictures and read growth / cultivation information about Broadleaf Carpetgrass (Axonopus compressus) supplied by member gardeners in the PlantFiles database at Dave's Garden. Cowgrass (Axonopus Compressus) There are two type of Cow Grass. The use of herbicides in crop protection is becoming a common practice worldwide, and it was estimated that in 2007, 72% of chemicals used in agriculture in Malaysia were herbicides [10]. Moreover, A. compressus did not over yield at 72 plants m−2 in the shade at C25W7. The highest A. gangetica shoot dry weight was obtained in the pure stand of A. gangetica (W100) and the lowest in C75W25 and C50W50 at 288 plants m−2. By contrast, shoot dry weight of A. gangetica decreased with increasing A. compressus proportions in the mixture as A. gangetica had the lowest shoot dry weight in C75W25 at both densities in the open and shade. [3] reported a 20% yield reduction in oil palm plantation output caused by weeds. Oka Nurjaya [21] reported that in mixtures, A. compressus was more competitive than grass and legume species. Palms that grow where there is Imperata cylindrica are generally stunted and retarded in growth [2]. Cover crop and weed species shoot biomass data were converted to relative yield (RY) according to the following equations: I have usually sneered at 'lawn' as being inept at building biomass and reclaiming desert, but in light of our current drought in north central Florida, I am in awe ... read moreof the transformation this grass is bringing to my 'Florida Friendly' landscape. Fast growth result in a superior plant [36]. The grass being subjected to either a new product or a hot tank mix of the older products never has nutritional issues, irrigation issues or is not mowed at an optimal height. It is also known to be drought and cold tolerant. It is likely allelopathy to be involved in the interaction of A. compressus and A. gangetica at 280 plants m−2 in the open and shade, because the RYT value of A. compressus with A. gangetica was < 1 for all proportions. To prevent seed heads, mow carpetgrass every five days to a height of 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm.). Foliage. Despite the fact that Axonopus compressus is a dominant soft grass weed in oil palm plantations, there is no direct comparative study of this weeds with oil palm weeds. A. compressus shoot dry weight increased despite a decreasing number of A. compressus when grown with A. gangetica compared to monoculture at 72 and 288 plants m−2 in the open and at 288 plants m−2 in the shad. The De Wit competitiveness diagrams of the relative shoot dry weight (RY) of the A. compressus and A. gangetica is shown in Figures 2(a) and 2(b). Leaves of cover crops and weeds were harvested from each individual poly bag, and the leaf area of each species was determined using a leaf area meter (LI-3100, USA). Z. Gao, S. P. Wang, X. G. Han, B. D. Patton, and P. E. Nyren, “Competition between, S. Singh and M. Singh, “Interactions of basil (, E. Vojtech, M. Loreau, S. Yachi, E. M. Spehn, and A. Hector, “Light partitioning in experimental grass communities,”, E. M. Spehn, J. Joshi, B. Schmid, M. Diemer, and C. Körner, “Above-ground resource use increases with plant species richness in experimental grassland ecosystems,”, S. Benvenuti, M. Macchia, and A. Stefani, “Effects of shade on reproduction and some morphological characteristics of, A. S. Collins, C. A. It seemed that A. gangetica plants in the shade did not compete with each other and were more competitive against A. compressus as could influence A. compressus height in the shade. Foliage. Cow grass (Axonopus compressus) List-ID: 54193737 08 Dec 00:24. The pearl grass does not require trimming but have very slow ground coverage rate. Description; Specification; H/p: Show contact number We are landscape plants supplier. This plant is said to grow outdoors in the following regions: On Oct 11, 2011, alfu from Gainesville, FL wrote: When this tough native grass first appeared in a no-longer irrigated, sunbaked southern-exposed yard, its long runners, each terminating in an obnoxious, upward and outward-reaching inflorescence, made me think it was crabgrass -- and maybe it is. The RYT value at 72 plants m−2 in the shade was greater than 1.0 suggesting that the two species made different demands on resources leading to better growth of A. compressus or that this crop mixture was less affected by interspecific competition than by intraspecific competition, facilitating over yielding (RYT >1). is a species of grass.It is often used as a permanent pasture, groundcover, and turf in moist, low fertility soils, particularly in shaded situations. A native grass species for phytoremediation of hydrocarbon‐contaminated soil in Assam, India Sabitry Bordoloi ... plant biomass and height were significantly reduced. For EYR, the A. compressus performed in the following order: A. compressus at 288 plants m−2 in the open > A. compressus at 72 plants m−2 in the open and A. compressus at 288 plants m−2 in the shade > A. compressus at 72 in the shade. Axonopus compressus and Cyperus kylingia were harvested in a vegetable plot, Ladang 2 of Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia . A. gangetica had the highest plant height in monoculture and a reduced height in mixtures. Plant height and leaf area data were analysed by the analysis variance using SAS statistical software package version 9.2 [26], and values were further differentiated by Tukey’s test at . Under this approach, species are grown in a fixed density, varying their proportions [18] to determine which species is the strongest competitor based on variables calculated from the replacement series data. It is often used for stopping soil erosion. Shallow-rooted stoloniferous and shortly rhizomatous perennial, with glabrous, oval-section (± 3.5 × 2.5 mm) stolon internodes and bearded nodes; forms a dense mat with foliage 15‒20 cm tall, and flowering culms mostly 30‒45 (‒60) cm; can be mowed to a turf. Furthermore, plant size suggests a potential advantage for light capture and greater penetration of PAR to the soil surface, making the crop less competitive against weeds [33]. The greater (RCC) values of A. compressus than the RCCs of A. gangetica at both densities in the open and shade, when grown in equal proportions, confirms the aggressiveness of A. compressus against the A. gangetica in terms of shoot dry weight production. Based on the present findings, it can be concluded that A. compressus is highly competitive against A. gangetica. Rika et al. This may be common, rather than broadleaf, carpetgrass. In tropical Asia, legume cover crops are frequently planted in oil palm plantations to provide ground cover after forest clearing [11]. The record derives from WCSP (data supplied on 2012-03-23 ) which reports it as an accepted name (record 398398 ) with original publication details: Ess. The competitive potential of Axonopus compressus and Asystasia gangetica (Figure 1) was studied using multiple-density multiple-proportion replacements series. If allowed to grow, the seed stalks are tough and hard to mow down. Thrives under heavy grazing, down to stubble height of 5‒5.7 cm. A. compressus and A. gangetica are shade tolerant [9, 14]. Culms ascendent, 20-50 cm tall, solid, and laterally compressed. where and are shoot dry weight per pot of crop species and weed species at C50 : W50 mixture and , and are shoot dry weight per pot of crop species and weed species in pure culture (monoculture). B. Samedani, A. S. Juraimi, M. P. Anwar, M. Y. Rafii, S. H. Sheikh Awadz, A. R. Anuar, "Competitive Interaction of Axonopus compressus and Asystasia gangetica under Contrasting Sunlight Intensity", The Scientific World Journal, vol. ... height and there were no signs of morphological anomaly, The leaves, however,generally form a dense mat that seldom reaches a height of more than 15cm… Description. A. gangetica spreads very quickly in most Malaysian plantations and small holdings. The competitive ability of A. compressus to overcome A. gangetica was studied using multiple-density, multiple-proportion replacements series under a glasshouse and full sunlight conditions in a poly bag for 10 weeks. In General, plant heights of A. compressus were lower than A. gangetica in monoculture (Table 1). The local climate was hot, humid, and tropical with abundant rainfall throughout the year. Blanket grass (Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Wall Finishes Master Bath Full height ceramic / Porcelain tiles (max. Yeow et al. The RYT value was less than 1 at 280 plants m−2 (Figure 2(b)). The aggressiveness of A. compressus can also be explained in terms of its prolific rooting system, which enabled it to capture more of the limited soil water and nutrients and resulted in rapid growth in terms of biomass accumulation and canopy development [38]. Relative yield and total relative yield are variables that are frequently used to infer competitiveness between species [19]. Internodes compressed and spaced more closely that of species form. The response of A. gangetica to A. compressus with normal density under the shade was linear and resulted in a 0.56 EYR (Figure 2(c)). Plant height of A. compressus was unaffected in different proportions. The RY of A. gangetica increased in a linear or nonlinear manner as its proportion in the mixture with A. compressus increased, but its RY was not equivalent to that of A. compressus when each comprised half the mixture. Carpet grass/QLD Blue Mix. Narrowleaf carpetgrass is the type most often used in lawns and the seeds are readily available. During the experimental period, monthly average maximum and minimum temperatures and relative humidity ranged from 33.5 to 34°C, 23 to 23.3°C, and 93.4 to 96%, respectively, while sunshine hours ranged from 6.31 to 7.06 hr d−1. Shading has been shown to drastically reduce plant growth [32]. Two separate experiments were conducted during January to March 2011 at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia (3° 02′ N, 101° 42′ E; elevation 31 m). The relative crowding coefficient (RCC), which serves as an index of competition when two species are mixed in equal proportions, was determined using the following equation [20]: Response of A. gangetica to A. compressus at 72 and 288 plants m−2 in the shade resulted in a 0.56 and 0.68 EYR, respectively. Flowers. Greater tiller production is one of the factors associated with superior suppression [37]. To prevent seed heads, mow carpetgrass every five days to a height of 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm.). One experiment was conducted in a glasshouse under shade such that the rate of penetration of light was 40% and another one was conducted in full sunlight. However, my test drive never consists of putting out products on turf that is the least bit stressed. The eradication of very dense stands of A. gangetica in an oil palm plantation resulted in a 12% increase in fresh fruit bunch production [6]. Asystasia gangetica seeds were collected from an oil palm field in UPM and stored at room temperature for 3 months prior to seeding. The genus Axonopus means axle-stalkted, which refers to the spicate raceme that radiate around the upper part of rachis. [25] by using the following equation: Axonopus compressus is one of the native soft grass species in oil palm in Malaysia which can be used as a cover crop. Flowering not observed in Singapore. Rating Content; Positive: On Oct 11, 2011, alfu from Gainesville, FL wrote: When this tough native grass first appeared in a no-longer irrigated, sunbaked southern-exposed yard, its long runners, each terminating in an obnoxious, upward and outward-reaching inflorescence, made me think it was crabgrass -- and maybe it is. A. gangetica leaf area decreased with increasing A. compressus proportions in the mixture as A. gangetica had the lowest leaf area in C75W25 at 72 plants m−2 and in C75W25 and C50W50 at 288 plants m−2 (Table 1). The percentage of PAR penetrating was then calculated. As the proportion of A. gangetica in the mixtures increased in open, A. compressus yielded over the expected rate and produced a convex curve at 72 plants m−2 and a linear response with more than expected at 288 plants m−2, whereas A. gangetica yielded under the expected rate and had a concave curve at both densities in the open. Plant size suggests a potential advantage for light capture and greater penetration of PAR to the soil surface [33]. Soft grasses such as Axonopus sp., Digitaria sp., and Palspalum sp. Although A. compressus showed this response at 72 plants m−2 density, it was not significant (Table 1). is a robust creeping perennial grass that forms dense mats. The RYT of mixture was equal to monoculture at 72 plants m−2 (Figure 2(a)). Its low height with dense rounded leaves gives it a more orderly appearance and is thus more attractive than the three-petalled cow grass. The EYR for A. compressus at 72 in the open was 0.68. Creeping stem, internodes flattened, measuring 3 - 3.5 cm long, nodes hairy. Weed control in oil palm plantations contributes to 75% of the total cost of pest management. Price from: RM1.00/sq ft (minimum order: 1,500 pcs) Generally, the roots of the grass are found at a depth of 2″ inches. They are sometimes rhizomatous and many are tolerant of periodic submersion.. The authors greatly appreciate the personnel at the Department of Crop Science and the Universiti Agriculture Park (UAP), and Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), for their assistance. Also, rapid growth by lateral spread of A. compressus through tillering seemed to be the reason for superiority of A. compressus in competition with A. gangetica. Axonopus compressus became extremely dense fast, thereby limiting the space available to the weed population and suppressing A. gangetica growth. 3m) Kitchen Full height ceramic tiles. The flowering clumps of the species spike up to 24″ – 28″ inches. The greater biomass of A. compressus compared with A. gangetica in a mixture would result in a greater demand for resources. All regressions were conducted using Sigma Plot version 11. It appears that A. compressus produces more dry weight per plant when competing against A. gangetica than in monoculture. of the transformation this grass is bringing to my 'Florida Friendly' landscape. Axonopus compressus grass is particularly important on a global scale. List of various diseases cured by Axonopus Compressus. are classified as soft weeds in oil palm plantation which maintain the balance of the weed flora and prevent weed succession by noxious species simply because the base land for the noxious weeds to colonise is less available [4, 40]. If the RY curves intersect at 50 : 50 proportions, the two competing species are relatively equal in competitiveness [25]. Response of A. gangetica to A. compressus with normal density (72 plants m−2) under the shade was linear and less than expected, and Asystasia gangetica responded at 288 plants m−2 density to A. compressus under shade to form a concave curve. 4. Broad-leaf Carpet Grass is also know as Buffalo Grass. A. compressus produced more dry weight and leaf area when competing against A. gangetica than in monoculture at both densities in the full sunlight and at high density in the shade. Both the experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. At the same time A. compressus cuttings were planted in poly bags according to the required spatial arrangement. Leaf area of A. gangetica decreased with increasing A. compressus proportions in the mixture as A. gangetica had the lowest leaf area in C75W25 at both densities. The RYT value was less than 1 at 280 plants m−2 in the open and shade, and 72 plants m−2 in the open means that mutual antagonism is occurring with the species producing less than expected when grown together [35]. (Dwarf Axonopus Compressus) The pearl grass is fairly similar to the three-petalled cow grass but with distinctively shorter leaf blades and is lower in height. Carpetgrass Seed - Use carpetgrass seed for lawns in wet soil areas in lower South. ex Steud., Paspalum platycaulon Poir.) Plant height of A. gangetica was reduced in different proportions in the open. Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P.Beauv. A. Mosjidis and G. Wehtje, “Weed control in sunn hemp and its ability to suppress weed growth,”, D. R. Gealy, E. J. Wailes, L. E. Estorninos Jr., and R. S. C. Chavez, “Rice cultivar differences in suppression of barnyardgrass (, J. S. Holt and D. R. Orcutt, “Functional relationships of growth and competitiveness in perennial weeds and cotton (, K. B. Quah, J. K. Lim, and J. Badrulisan, “Alternating herbicide to minimize weed succession in the plantation, in,” in. have the ability to prevent weed succession of noxious species simply because base land for the noxious weeds to colonise is less available [4]. Carpetgrass is a perennial grassy weed that is also known as Broadleaf Carpetgrass or by its scientific name, Axonopus compressus. Axonopus compressus cuttings consisting of two nodes 4 cm long were collected from the Plants House of UPM. Names of Axonopus Compressus in various languages of the world are also given. A. gangetica responded to A. compressus to form a concave curve at both densities (Figures 2(a) and 2(b)) that resulted in an equivalent yield ratio (EYR) of more than 0.50. The shape of the replacement curve of the RY for the shoot dry weight relative to expected yields was used as the indicator of the extent of interference between the two competing species [24]. Yet the growth of Rhoeo spathacea species signified an issue in maintenance with its increasing height and weight overtime indicating difficulty in maintaining the plants in vertical plane. Axonopus compressus Mez Common names Dorrington grass in English Louisiana grass in English Teppichgras in German alfombra in Spanish assonopo compresso in Italian blanket grass in English broadleaf carpet grass in English broadleaf carpetgrass in language. For use as a cover crop cm high decreased as the proportions of gangetica. Way of information has been associated with higher biomass density and light interception or greater for! 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